Which statement describes "unjust enrichment"?

The statement that describes "unjust enrichment" is grounded in legal theory that seeks to prevent one party from unfairly benefiting at the expense of another. This principle arises in situations where one individual receives a benefit without a legal justification, and it addresses the need for fairness and equity in transactions. In legal terms, unjust enrichment typically obligates the party who was unjustly enriched to compensate the other party to prevent an inequitable situation.

This concept encompasses a variety of scenarios, such as when a person mistakenly pays someone for a service not rendered or when one party benefits from another's property without consent. The goal of the doctrine is to ensure that the person who has received a benefit—without paying for it or having a legal basis for that benefit—returns what they have gained, thus restoring fairness.

The other answers, while related to business and ethics, do not capture the essence of unjust enrichment. The idea of profit-sharing reflects a more collaborative approach to financial gain, corporate social responsibility focuses on ethical considerations in business practices, and a competitive advantage represents strategies used by businesses to outperform rivals. None of these concepts addresses the specific legal remedy aimed at preventing unjust gain and ensuring that benefits are legally and ethically obtained.