What legal principle allows a state to refuse to recognize judicial acts of another state?

The legal principle that allows a state to refuse to recognize the judicial acts of another state is known as the Act of State Doctrine. This doctrine holds that courts in one state will not question the validity of public acts (judicial or otherwise) performed by a sovereign government within its own territory. This principle is rooted in respect for the sovereign powers of states and supports the idea that each state is entitled to manage its own legal system and judicial decisions without interference from external authorities.

Under the Act of State Doctrine, if a state has made a legal decision or passed legislation, other states may choose not to recognize such acts, especially if they conflict with their own legal principles or policies. This is particularly relevant in cases involving issues like sovereignty, international treaties, or when the judicial act affects the rights of individuals across state lines.

The other options reflect different legal concepts but do not pertain directly to the recognition of judicial acts between states. The Doctrine of Precedent refers to the principle that legal cases should be decided in accordance with previous rulings. The Exhaustion Doctrine relates to the requirement of pursuing all possible legal avenues within the originating state before seeking relief elsewhere, typically in the context of legal remedies. Popular Sovereignty is a political doctrine that holds that the